To better understand Retinal Vitreo Disorders, we must first examine how vision works. In order for one to see, a light source is required. Without light, everything is black. The light emits particles called photons, which bounce off solid objects in all directions before eventually reaching the eye. In order to see well, the tissue that they go through must be transparent. First, the cornea, located at the front of the eye; then the crystalline lens behind the pupil, vitreous body in the middle of the eye. Finally, they reach the retina, the eye’s photographic plate, Stopping at the retinal pigment epithelium, where they set off nerve pulses. These pulses are directed towards the optic nerve, and then the optic pathways, before arriving at the occipital brain where the image is formed. This process is what enables us to take in the world around us.
The eye is constructed as a camera. The front transparent cap is called cornea, the coloured (blue, green, or brown) iris has a hole in its centre, called the pupil. Like in the camera, the pupil regulates the amount of light entering the inside of the eye. Behind the pupil, the lens helps focus the picture, i.e. to see sharp images of objects at different distances. The most important part for vision is the film in this camera, called retina, a thin membrane lining the inside of the eyewall in the back. The retina captures the light. Transforms it into electric signals, and sends these through the cable, called optic nerve, to the centre of vision in the brain where the visual sensation, or the image, is finalized. The small central area of the retina is called macula. Macula enables sharp vision of details, thus enables us to read, recognize faces, or drive. Various diseases of the eye can endanger vision. The eye can be affected by inflammations, by vascular diseases, by degenerativ